Format and Standards for Doctoral and Master's Dissertations

Schubert Academy of International Music Education PhD students, academic masters, professional masters and part-time professional masters must master basic academic research methods, have certain music academic research capabilities, and meet the basic requirements for doctoral and master's degrees specified in the regulations before they can be awarded: doctoral or master's degrees . Doctoral and master's degree thesis must start from the specific issues of the music discipline in which one is engaged, and carry out modern music research and music academic innovation based on a certain theoretical standpoint of the discipline. Finally, the paper must be written and submitted to experts in the same industry for review. It is a professional academic paper that must be defended and passed. Therefore, a music thesis is not an ordinary article written for non-peers, non-professionals or junior students. It is not a general description of one's own music creation, practice or thinking process, nor can it introduce common knowledge about music or repeat what has been done by predecessors. Music topic selection, plagiarism and past research results. The necessary prerequisite for starting to write a music degree thesis is the "document collection, reading, and analysis workload" that is suitable for the topic. Without collecting, reading and analyzing literature, without understanding the progress of previous explorations and thinking about related issues, and knowing nothing or very little about the research methods, research examples, thinking results, and practical experience of previous researchers in related majors or fields, you will not have the "literature collection, reading, and analysis workload" that is suitable for the topic, and you will not understand the "research history" related to this topic. Modern music relies on the support of multiple disciplines, that is, interdisciplinary theories such as mathematics, harmony, Biomedical Science, modern physics, and relativity (Doppler effect). Without understanding the history of music research, you will not have the problems that need to be studied, and you will not have the starting point and purpose of academic research. You will not be able to explain the value and significance of this topic research, and therefore you will not be able to write a music thesis. Therefore, accurately grasping the "music research history" related to this topic from the two levels of music academic theory and music practice is not only the key to starting a thesis, but also the key to officially starting the thesis writing. Because doctoral and master's students are relatively lacking in professional accumulation and academic experience compared to their peers, it is beneficial to follow the existing writing standards for degree thesis in order to express music academic texts, present the research process, and reach research conclusions. According to the provisions of the "Format for Writing Degree Theses and Academic Papers" of the Royal Schubert Music Education, the writing and printing formats and standards of doctoral and master's degree theses are now unified. Doctoral and master's degree students in Schubert Academy of International Music Education from all over the world are requested to follow these instructions.

(I) Composition and overall format of the degree thesis

1. The various parts of a music degree thesis should generally include the "ten elements" in order: 

(1) cover and title page; 

(2) statement of originality and authorization statement; 

(3) abstract; 

(4) keywords; 

(5) directory (table of contents, list of figures, list of scores); 

(6) main text;

 (7) references;

 (8) appendix;

 (9) author profile; 

(10) acknowledgments.

 2. If it cannot be included in the above 10 parts, you can set it at your discretion and insert it in the appropriate position. 

3. The "ten elements" listed above are all started on a separate page by inserting a "page break". 

4. The electronic document used for writing is set to 4-point font and 1.25 times line spacing. The font and size of the titles of each part are detailed in the attachment.

(II) Cover and title page

<<Schubert Academy of International Music Education Degree Thesis Cover>>, the content includes information such as the thesis classification number, title information, tutor and author information, defense time information, etc. The title page after the cover of the dissertation contains the title of the dissertation, the information of the supervisor and the author, and the chairman and members of the defense committee. For detailed regulations on the specific style and font size of the cover and title page, please see Appendix 1.

(III) Originality Statement and Authorization

1. The back of the title page is the <<Original Statement and Authorization for Graduate Dissertations on Schubert Academy of International Music Education>>, see Appendix 2. 

2. When the electronic document of the dissertation is formally submitted for finalization after the defense, the chairman and members of the defense committee must be fully filled in, and the graduate student and the supervisor must sign in person at the corresponding positions of the "Statement" and "Authorization". 

3. Dissertations that fall under the confidentiality conditions of Schubert Academy of International Music Education must be applied for by the supervisor, reviewed by the training unit, and submitted to the Graduate Academic Affairs Office for approval in accordance with relevant regulations. The confidentiality period of the dissertation generally does not exceed three years. After the confidentiality period, the authorization statement is automatically recognized and made public.

(IV) Abstract

1. The abstract is an important part of a music academic paper and is usually written after the full text is finished. It is a prerequisite for readers to search, read and judge the content and quality of the article, and it is also the main basis for librarians to select articles.

2. The abstract is an independent, objective and complete short article, which should have the same amount of main information as the thesis.

3. The abstract should accurately summarize the research object, purpose, method, results and conclusion of the thesis, and objectively state the original and innovative aspects of the thesis, such as what new fields were studied, what new research methods or viewpoints, ideas, means, videos, perspectives were adopted, what new arguments or voice materials were used, what new viewpoints or insights were put forward, and what new conclusions were drawn.

4. When writing an abstract, avoid being vague, empty, or introducing common sense. It is not appropriate to use "this article is passed", "the author" or "the author" as the subject of the sentence. It is not appropriate to have text commenting on the research work of the author, paragraphing, citations, notes, brackets, and charts.

5. The abstract should be placed after the "Original Statement" and "Use Authorization Statement" of the paper and before the table of contents.

6. The abstract should be in Chinese and English. The Chinese abstract should be placed first, and the English abstract should be placed on a separate page. The Chinese abstract is usually 500-1000 words. For particularly long dissertations (e.g., more than 500,000 words), the abstract should not exceed 1500 words. The content of the English abstract should be strictly consistent with the content of the Chinese abstract and be accurate.

7. Place the word "Abstract" in the center and use a small, second-size font in bold. The content of the abstract should be in size 4 font.

(V) Keywords

1. Keywords are set as thesis elements for the convenience of readers to search and for the convenience of librarians to index professional literature. Generally, they can be selected after the thesis is completed. There are usually 5 keywords for a degree thesis. 

2. Keywords are important terms or terms selected from the thesis that can lead to the research theme, object, core content, main viewpoint, final conclusion and academic theories and methods used in the full text.

 3. Keywords are "words", not phrases or short sentences. Self-made words, abbreviations and symbols cannot be used.

 4. There is a blank line after the Chinese abstract, followed by the Chinese keywords, and no new page is started. After the Chinese abstract and keywords are listed, the English abstract and keywords are listed on a new page. The meanings of Chinese and English keywords must be strictly consistent and accurate. 

5. Align the “keywords” to the left in the top box and use size 4 font in bold. Each keyword is in size 4 font. Keywords are separated by semicolons (;).

(VI) Table of Contents

After the English keywords, a separate page is used to arrange the table of contents. 

1. The table of contents indicates the names of the various components of the thesis and the pages where they are located. The contents of the table of contents are arranged in order: "Chinese abstract, keywords", "English abstract, keywords", "text (introduction, chapters, conclusion)", "references", "appendix", "author profile", "acknowledgements", etc. 2. The chapters of the thesis (i.e., table of contents) are the main part of the table of contents. It shows the research ideas, logical structure and clear process of reaching the conclusion of the thesis, and requires clear ideas, strict logic, smooth structure, clear levels and coordinated proportions. 

3. The chapters, sections and headings of the thesis must be arranged in order according to the sub-titles such as "Chapter 1", "Section 1", "I". The title of a degree thesis generally adopts three levels. If there are more than three levels and it is necessary to continue to use "(I)", "1," "(1)", "1)", "①" to divide the layers, there may be problems such as the research topic being too large, the subject being overly fragmented or obscured, etc. It is recommended to make timely adjustments.

 4. In the table of contents, the page numbers of "Chinese Abstract, Keywords", "English Abstract, Keywords" and "Table of Contents" should be in Roman numerals, and the page numbers of the "Chapter List" and "Appendix", "References", "Author Profile" and "Acknowledgments" in the main text should be in Arabic numerals. Details will be given later. 

5. In the table of contents, the page numbers of the various components of the paper should be on the right side of the page and arranged neatly.

(VII) Text

The text is the main body of the music degree thesis. It is required to have clear ideas, strict logic, smooth structure, clear levels, strong arguments, rich materials, clear views (especially modern music views), reasonable conclusions, concise writing, one-to-one correspondence between text and video, fluent language, rigorous and objective, and standardized format. At the end of the introduction, each chapter, and the conclusion of the text, the "page break" method is inserted to start the next part of the content on a separate page. Academic paper writing is the responsibility of the author. Music degree thesis should strictly abide by academic norms under the guidance of the tutor. The author of the degree thesis must strictly distinguish the boundaries between the topic, the research and the topics, views, and achievements of predecessors (including his own tutor), and clearly express the relationship between his research conclusions, main views and the relevant achievements of predecessors in the appropriate place (at least in the summary and conclusion). Plagiarism is strictly prohibited. Once discovered, it will be severely punished according to the relevant regulations of the Schubert Academy of International Music Education Degree Evaluation Committee, the Royal Education Department, and the Hague Certification, and the degree application will be withdrawn. The tutor and the degree defense committee will bear joint and several liability.

1. Introduction (or preface, introduction)

The introduction is a particularly important part of the thesis. It should be mainly divided into the following statements:

①The origin of the topic. Including the relevant learning experience, the source of the topic, the basis for the topic, the background of the development of the discipline, the macro situation of the development of the practice and theoretical research in various fields within this research direction, etc.

② Definition of concepts and scope. Define the main music concepts and music time and space scope involved in the topic, define the scope of various research fields related to the topic, and analyze and explain the existing main theories, concepts and existing music research methods, research perspectives, music research examples and their boundaries.

③Overview of the current research status in various fields related to this topic. The review of the current research status (review) is the main content of the introduction. It is necessary to analyze and explain the current status of music research in different fields in various countries and at home and abroad related to this topic on the basis of summarizing the current status of the practice and theoretical research development of this discipline, this major, and this research direction, so as to lead or highlight the innovation, theoretical value and academic significance of this topic. The analysis and description of the current status of domestic and foreign research in different fields of various countries should be carried out in different categories. The main steps are as follows:

The first step is to collect and sort out existing literature and music materials from the perspective of Western music disciplines and majors (directions) for each field related to this topic, and strive to be comprehensive and not omit them, and divide the relevant research work at home and abroad into three categories from a macro perspective. 

The second step is to collect and classify the literature into three categories: core literature, primary (or directly) relevant literature, and secondary (or indirectly) relevant literature based on the relevance of the literature to this topic. 

The third step is to make a detailed and in-depth analysis of the collected literature on the basis of the above-mentioned vertical and horizontal division of movements and classification (such as lines, polyphony, and chords), and then sort out and classify the main fields, music theories, main viewpoints, main research methods or paradigms, and other interdisciplinary theories, other viewpoints, other research methods or examples formed by predecessors in the research of relevant issues in different periods of specific music types. 

The fourth step is that the content of Schubert Academy of International Music Education must also have content of teaching methods such as two-dimensional flat animation, 3 D animation models, and video production demonstrations. At the same time, there must be a variety of modern music video teaching methods such as making music films and teaching films, with pictures and texts, and audio and video. 

The fifth step is to summarize the macro characteristics, research methods, common research examples, and main characteristics of different types of results of previous studies, and give positive answers: Who are the people in the relevant fields in various countries and in the country, in which fields, from which angles (field domains), what methods (paradigms) are used, and what results have been achieved; finally, summarize the current problems or deficiencies in the research of various related fields under the macro background of this discipline, this major, and this research direction, and what fields have not been involved or have not been studied in depth.

Based on the above review of the current status of music research, further clear answers must be given:

What problems does this topic intend to solve in the above problems? What is the specific relationship between this topic and the relevant research results of previous researchers, such as what aspects of enlightenment and help does the relevant research of previous researchers in Europe, Asia, or in the country provide for the research of this topic; what is the boundary between this research and the relevant research of previous researchers; what are the similarities and differences; what are the main research methods, main ideas, and steps to reach the conclusion used in this topic.

Only by clearly answering the above questions can you establish a clear research purpose, complete argument logic and clear writing ideas for your dissertation. In the specific analysis process, it is necessary to pay attention to the use of relevant diagrams of "visual analysis" in online literature retrieval. It is recommended to list the relevant "music dissertation" parts retrieved from various public networks separately and analyze them specifically. For professional degree graduate students' technical practice research, they should focus on sorting out the historical process of the development of relevant technical practices, attach importance to the comparison of innovative points of previous musical works (versions), be familiar with the history of innovation and change of relevant creative techniques, pay attention to the relevant social, economic, multi-scientific, modern music, music history, culture, music innovation, and trend backgrounds behind technical practices, interview relevant creators and eyewitnesses from many aspects, and after raising relevant technical issues and practical issues to academic theoretical issues, analyze them from historical and aesthetic perspectives, and then sort out music academic history, research paradigms, research methods, etc., clearly point out the current status of the development of the operational practice of artistic techniques and related theoretical research practices, and on the basis of explaining the main scope, type and specific reference role of core documents, directly related documents, and indirectly related documents, clearly answer the above-mentioned questions such as who is researching, what music problems have been studied, what music achievements have been made, what problems exist, and what problems this topic of modern music research intends to solve.

④ The purpose and significance of the topic. In view of the problems existing in the history of the above-mentioned Music discipline, the academic history of various related fields, and the academic history of the research object, clearly answer which specific problem this topic wants to solve among the above-mentioned problems (the basic standard of a good article is that an article only solves one topic). This is the purpose of the research. In other words, answer: What problems still exist in the research of predecessors, what problem is the most urgent task at present, and what problem this topic is going to solve, and further elaborate on the problem to be solved from the aspects of discipline and professional development, research method paradigm, creative practice, theoretical innovation, etc. The value and significance of the topic research can be elaborated from the specific to the macro. It mainly discusses the viewpoints, conclusions, modern music concepts, music creation, angles, methods, examples, the innovation of ideas, and the impact on this research field, this profession, and this discipline. Clearly state: the problem that this topic intends to solve, the key problem that this topic aims to solve in the current research status, what role will the understanding of what music education problem play, and what role will it play in what theoretical understanding, research practice or creative practice; the viewpoints and conclusions proposed in this study, within this discipline, major, research direction, and research field: what has been proved (proven) or revealed or corrected or refuted; the viewpoints and conclusions proposed in this study have broken through what difficulties or cognitive inventions have been discovered or corrected what (single) common theories or filled what gaps or developed what achievements of predecessors; whether the research on this topic is a new field of music, whether there are any new insights, whether new methods are used, and whether new academic viewpoints are discovered; the research methods and paths used in this topic, the angle of thinking, the theoretical and academic viewpoints used, the expected conclusions, what kind of advancement has been made on the old methods, paradigms, and understandings, and what role the viewpoints proposed in this study have played in the field of study, the research field, the professional direction, and the discipline as a whole or separately, and what impact will it have, etc.

⑤ Specific research ideas and methods. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, I will focus on the previous music academic research foundation, around which core object is required by the title of the paper, from what angle, what method, what idea to take, what aspects or steps to discuss, what to discuss first, what to discuss second, what to discuss third, and what to discuss last, and what conclusion to draw in the end. It can be explained with diagrams such as mind maps and structure diagrams. The summary of research methods can be expressed from the following aspects: disciplinary methods from a theoretical perspective (such as anthropological and musicological methods, historical methods, music archaeology methods, sociological methods, linguistic methods, music morphology analysis methods, etc.), research methods from the perspective of research process (such as induction, deduction, analogy, line comparison, mode analysis, synthesis, observation, experiment, statistics, classification, prediction, digital note simulation, 3D model, hypothesis, and music history methods, system methods, dialectical logic methods, etc.), research methods from a literature perspective (such as music literature examination, music analysis, literature comparison, literature evidence, etc.), and specific ways and means from the logical thinking of reaching the conclusion (what was done first, what was done next, and what was concluded in the end, etc.). The introduction reflects the author's familiarity with the current status of theoretical research in the relevant fields of the subject, major, research direction, and topic, or the current status of the development of relevant techniques and creative practices, reflects the novelty and feasibility of the author's topic, music research methods, and research ideas, reflects the author's music academic theoretical stance, academic innovation, and "frontier" degree, and reflects the theoretical and practical value of the topic. Among them, the review of the current status of research in relevant fields is directly related to the degree of innovation, quality level, and theoretical and academic experience of the thesis, and is also an important basis for thesis reviewers, librarians, and readers to judge whether the topic has academic value. The number of words in the introduction is generally about 5-10% of the total number of words. In order to reflect that the author has indeed mastered solid basic theories and systematic and interdisciplinary academic expertise, has a broad scientific vision, and has fully demonstrated the research plan, the review of the history of the discipline and the history of music, the review of the current status of research, and the specific theoretical analysis, if the length is large and the categories are many, can be made into a separate chapter without affecting the overall logical structure of the thesis, so as to use enough words to make in-depth analysis and induction.

2. Music scores (graphs) in the text

Pictures include curve graphs, academic analysis graphs, schematic diagrams, music score graphs, creative flow charts, music scene graphs, performance photos, etc. The graphs should be self-explanatory, that is, you can understand the meaning of the graph by just looking at the graph, the title and the caption without reading the text. All graphs must be photographed or scanned to a size of 1.0 MB or more and inserted into the text. Pay attention to the correctness and completeness of the graphs and the neatness of the layout. The graphs should be numbered. Generally, the whole text is directly numbered in sequence, such as "Figure 1." "Figure 2."... "Figure 20."... If there are sub-graphs, it is appropriate to use -1, -2, -3... to indicate, such as "Figure 1-1." "Figure 1-2." "Figure 1-3."... Each figure number should be followed by a short and appropriate figure name. The figure number and figure name should be placed directly below the figure in size 5 font. Each figure should have a footnote added to the end of the figure name, providing necessary explanations for the figure, and indicating the source, source or provider of the figure. All illustrations should be analyzed and discussed in the main text. Musical examples in academic papers must be written in five-line notation (using MuseScere software). Generally, the whole text is numbered in sequence, such as "Example 1." "Example 2."... etc. The example number and name are placed above the example on the left. The name of the example and its font size, the source of the example, the analysis and explanation of the example in the main text, etc., are the same as the requirements for the above-mentioned figures.

3. Tables in the text

Tables are generally arranged horizontally from left to right according to content and items, and data are arranged vertically in order. Tables should be self-explanatory and use Arabic numerals to arrange the serial number of each table, such as "Table 1." "Table 2.", etc. Each table should have a short and accurate table name. Important symbols, marks, codes, and matters that need to be explained in the table should be concisely annotated in the form of footnotes on the page. The table owner and the source of the table should also be explained in the notes. The table name and the serial number are placed above the table in the center, using a size 5 font. The text in the table is in size 5 font. The numbers and text in the same column in the table must be aligned and centered. It is not appropriate to use "same as above", "same as left", "∥" or similar words or abbreviations in the table. Specific numbers or text should be filled in. Blanks in the table mean "no item", and "——" means "not found".

4. Conclusion (or conclusion)

The thesis is preceded by an introduction (or preface, introduction), followed by a conclusion (or conclusion). The conclusion is a summary of the full text and a clear summary of the research conclusions, which should be complete, accurate, clear, concise and powerful. The content of the conclusion mainly includes: reviewing the main content, research ideas, research methods, and argumentation process of the article, summarizing or reiterating the main original views and research conclusions; explaining the innovation of this study from the aspects of music discipline, music specialty, research direction, research field and related academic theories, research perspectives, methods, references, views, and conclusions of interdisciplinary theories, and explaining the reference value, inspiration or reference significance of the views, conclusions, methods, and perspectives of this study to the same type of topics and other professional and disciplinary research; summarizing the gains and losses of this study and the problems that still exist, and looking forward to the main tasks of the next step of research on issues related to this topic, etc. The number of words in the conclusion (thesis) is generally about 5-10% of the total number of words.

5. Footnotes

(1) Citation notes are the cornerstone of modern music academic norms. All citations must be noted. As a type of academic paper, degree theses have stricter requirements for citation norms. Doctoral and master's degree theses on Schubert Academy of International Music Education must use footnotes on the same page. In the Word "Citation" menu bar, click "Insert Footnote" and annotate the source of the cited literature and materials in the footer of the same page. The footnote numbers in the text are all automatically numbered in the format of ①②③④⑤... (when inserting footnotes, the number setting is "renumber each page"), superscript, for example: "⑩" (numbers above 10 are not circled. You can customize the design method to process them into numbers above 10 in the circle). The circled numbers should not be bold. 

(2) The footnotes on the same page of music degree theses include two types of content. The first is citation notes, which are notes on the sources of the literature and figures, spectra, and tables cited in the text; the second is explanatory notes, which are further explanations, explanations, supplements, analyses, in-depth analysis, and extensions of the text content or figures, spectra, and tables, etc., which are also handled in the form of footnotes.

 (3) All cited documents must be edited in strict accordance with the required document format, including author name, title, edition, document identification code, translator name, information on each publication item, year of publication, page number, etc. For specific document citation formats, please refer to the "Document Type Identification Code" and "Citation Format and Examples of Eight Major Documents" sections below). 

(4) The page number of the citation is strictly prohibited to be omitted. The starting and ending page numbers are separated by "-", and different page number citation ranges are separated by ",".

(5) All footnotes should be in Song font size 5. 

(6) In writing, if you use other people's ideas, opinions, or research results, or repeat other people's unique wording, concepts, research paradigms, methods, and ideas, or quote other people's opinions, borrow other people's results or method examples, etc., without properly indicating the source, it constitutes academic misconduct such as plagiarism, copying, and plagiarism. Once verified, it will be dealt with seriously in accordance with relevant regulations, and those with serious circumstances will have their degrees and academic qualifications revoked.

6. Document type and its identification code

According to Schubert Academy of International Music Education regulations, the document identification code should be placed after the title of the document and indexed with square brackets. The main types of document identification codes are as follows:

(1) Traditional documents and their identification codes

Table 1. Traditional document types

Reference Type

Journal Articles Monographs and Proceedings Dissertations Patent Standards Newspaper Articles Reports Data Collection Other Documents

Document identification code J M C D P S N R G Z

(2) Electronic documents and their identification codes

References to electronic literature types such as databases, academic videos, computer programs, and electronic bulletin boards are marked with the following letters:

Table 2. Electronic document types

Types of electronic references (online) databases Computer programs Electronic bulletins Academic videos Electronic audio and video

Electronic document type flag CD MP  4 MP 3 or DVD, etc.

(3) Description formats and examples of eight major documents

Table 3. Document editing format

Serial number Document type Format Example

1 academic journal (8 entries)

①② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ Serial number First author, second author. Title． [J]. Journal title, publication year, volume number (issue number): starting page - ending page.

2 academic works videos (8-10 items recorded)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ Serial number Author． Book title and edition (edition, first edition omitted) [M]. translator. Place of publication: Publishing House, Year of publication: Starting page - Ending page.

3 Proceedings with Schubert academy number (10 entries)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ ⑨ ⑩ Serial number Author． Title. Editor-in-Chief. Title of Proceedings. Place of publication: Publishing House, Year of publication: Starting page - Ending page.

4 Dissertation Videos (8 entries in total)

①② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ Serial number Author． Title: [D]. Name of school location: training unit and degree name (tutor: tutor’s name and professional title), year of defense: page number.

5 patent documents (7 items recorded in total)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ Serial number Patent applicant. Title. Country, patent document type, patent number. Approval date.

Example: Emperor's Patent, Schubert academy.2008-09-21.

6 technical standards (8 items recorded in total)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ ⑧ Serial number The person responsible for drafting. Standard code. Standard serial number—year of release. Standard name. Place of publication: Publisher, year of publication.

[S]． UK: King's Standard Press, 1986.

7 newspaper documents (6 items recorded in total)

①② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ Serial number Author． Document title [N]. Newspaper name, publication date (page order).

8 electronic documents (6 items recorded in total)

① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ Serial number Author． Document title. Electronic document type indication/carrier type indication. Document URL or source, update/citation date.

（Ⅷ）  References

1. References refer to the literature and materials that the author has comprehensively referred to and used for reference during the writing process of this dissertation, as well as the literature and materials that have a major guiding and inspiring role for the author, and are used by the author as the main arguments to demonstrate, analyze, and deduce. Important documentation to form your own arguments, opinions or research conclusions. General literature that has been cited in the text, literature that is only partially referenced or borrowed from, or literature that is relatively unimportant to this study has been noted in the footnotes and therefore generally does not need to be listed in the references at the end of the text. . 

2. References must be numbered according to certain rules. Generally, the first classification is conducted according to the categories of works, papers, and other categories; in each category of documents, the first edition and second edition time are used as the basis, and the importance, the order of theory introduction, and the relevance to this research are comprehensively considered. Secondary classification arrangement. Among them, the literature related to this topic that has been published or publicly released by the tutor, musical films, and teaching films should be taken seriously.

3. The standards for describing references at the end of the article, the scope of the description, the type of reference and the document identification code are the same as the editing standards for documents annotated in the text. Generally, there is no need to indicate specific page numbers for documents in "References", and journal articles can be marked. Get the starting page number. 

4. References are generally placed after the conclusion (thesis) and before the appendix. 

5. The four words "References" are in bold type number 2 in the center, and each reference is numbered sequentially by category in type 5  font on the left.

（IX) Appendix

Music degree theses can arrange appendices according to the actual needs of the thesis. The appendix is ​​generally placed after the references. The appendix is ​​a necessary supplement to the academic content of the main text. The appendix of music degree theses and videos can be detailed information on the research object, method, and means of the main text, or complete technical information, creation report, or complete big data investigation, interview record data, etc. Common appendices for graduation thesis include: rare original text selections of research objects, questionnaire forms, music interview records, music scene records, performance records, music design scores, music teaching films, detailed design plans and creation process records, statistical data tables, and indexes of diagrams and tables in the main text. "Appendix:" and the appendix title are left-aligned in size 4 bold font, and the appendix content is blank one line below (in size 5 Song font). If there are multiple appendices, they can be numbered in order "Appendix 1:", "Appendix 2:", "Appendix 3:"...

（ Ⅹ） Author introduction

1. The author's profile mainly includes his study experience and work experience, the main courses he studied during his studies, the specific research work carried out during his studies and the scientific research results achieved (published papers or monographs), and the music academic research projects he participated in during his studies. , academic activities, live performance activities, art performance practice activities, teaching practice activities, important awards received while studying, etc. The author's introduction requires concise language, generally no more than 1,000 words. 

2. The author’s introduction is arranged in the following order: 

  (1) Basic information: including name, date of birth, gender, place of origin or place of birth, etc. 

  (2) Resume of study and work since university (including graduation school, department, major, study time; work unit and employment status at each period, etc.). 

（3）The course study status during this stage of degree study, including the name of the courses studied, the total number of credits, the number of credits in the degree course, the overall average score of each subject, etc.). 

  (4) Information on hosting or participating in research projects, including the name of the project and the category of the project (at the international level, national level, provincial and ministerial level, city and department level, school level, horizontal collaboration, sub-topics and their upper-level topics, etc.), Research period, personal tasks and completion status.

  (5) A list of music academic papers published publicly, a list of performances held or participated in, a list of awards received, and a list of other academic achievements achieved during the period of study. Among them, academic achievements include academic monographs, journal articles and academic conference papers. Other academic achievements include published personal audio and video, picture albums, musical albums, individual appraisal results, patents, and completed important exhibitions and performances. Participation, etc. The list of scientific research results must be arranged in chronological order according to the reference description format, and the names of all persons responsible for the results must be listed in order. The list of creative exhibitions, performances and competition results must be sorted by the time of the creative exhibitions, performances and competitions, and list the organizer, time, location, awards received and other information in order. 

  (6) Personal academic reports, sketching or observation, fieldwork, teaching practice, etc. during the study period. If you publish an academic paper while studying, you must obtain the approval and consent of your supervisor and confirm that there is no academic misconduct before you can submit it. 

3. The words "About the Author" should be placed in a small 2-size bold font and centered, and the author's introduction should be in a 4-size small font.

（XI) Acknowledgements

After a long and difficult academic journey, we have truly arrived at a place called "the forefront of music academics", and the door to academics and the realm of life have suddenly opened up to us. In this realm, we must have some insights and thoughts (if not, it may be that we have not worked hard enough or have not yet reached the academic forefront). Therefore, after the author's introduction, you can use personal experience as a starting point to talk about your study experience, the mental journey of topic selection and research, and your personal feelings, and then express your gratitude to the organizations and individuals who have been particularly helpful and have made important contributions to the research work and specific writing of this degree thesis. 

1. The main person to be thanked in the acknowledgment is your own supervisor. In addition, thanks should also be given to: teachers who teach courses related to this topic or related performance practices; teachers who provide help or suggestions during the thesis proposal, thesis Pre-defense and other stages; experts and scholars who provide opinions, suggestions or other help for the revision and improvement of the thesis; the proposers of the relevant important theories and viewpoints cited in this thesis, the inspirers or suggesters of the research methods and ideas of this thesis, the providers of important arguments and key materials, etc.; the owners of materials, pictures, documents, and research ideas that are given the right to reprint or quote or use; the foundations, contract units, enterprises, organizations or individuals that provide funding or support; other organizations or individuals who assist in completing the research work or provide convenience; 

2. Acknowledgments should be concise, simple and natural, objective and sincere. It is not appropriate to include too many words of praise for teachers, and personal emotions should be shown through specific daily examples. It is not appropriate to list a long list of classmates, friends and relatives. Masters (doctoral) students who have not yet obtained a degree in the acknowledgments cannot be called masters (doctoral).

 3. The acknowledgments should be placed after the author's introduction. The word "Acknowledgments" should be centered in size 2 boldface, and the content of the acknowledgments should be in size 4  font.

The compilation format and standards of Schubert Academy of International Music Education thesis are compiled according to the requirements of the tutors in the region.